Bursa: land change, 2016–2025
Two Sentinel-2 satellite images of a 20 km square around Bursa, from 2016-08-16 and 2025-07-20, were classified by a ResNet18 model trained on EuroSAT. Every 640 m cell is put in one of four land-cover groups, and the two dates are compared cell by cell.
- Before
- 2016-08-16
- After
- 2025-07-20
- Area analysed
- 386 km²
Change
+22.9 km²net change in built-up area
In cells the model is sure of on both dates (confidence ≥ 0.8): 5.7 km² became built-up, 7.4 km² changed in total.
The model is undecided on this scene; treat the results with caution.
Land cover on both dates
| 2016 | 2025 | ± | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture no notable change | 2.1% | 1.5% | -0.6 |
| Natural vegetation decreased | 65.3% | 60.1% | -5.2 |
| Built-up increased | 31.9% | 37.9% | +6 |
| Water no notable change | 0.6% | 0.5% | -0.1 |
Largest transitions (confident cells)
- Natural vegetation → Built-up4.5 km²
- Agriculture → Built-up1.2 km²
- Natural vegetation → Agriculture0.4 km²
- Agriculture → Natural vegetation0.4 km²
- Built-up → Natural vegetation0.4 km²
Limits
- Every value shown is a model estimate, not a measurement.
- Areas are not measurements but approximations counted from cells. The figures are always computed on 640 m cells; the scale only changes how the map is drawn.
- The model was trained on European images; results outside Europe are less reliable.
- Clouds, shadows and seasonal differences can show change that is not there.