Lima: land change, 2016–2025
Two Sentinel-2 satellite images of a 20 km square around Lima, from 2016-03-27 and 2025-01-14, were classified by a ResNet18 model trained on EuroSAT. Every 640 m cell is put in one of four land-cover groups, and the two dates are compared cell by cell.
- Before
- 2016-03-27
- After
- 2025-01-14
- Area analysed
- 394 km²
Change
+53.1 km²net change in built-up area
In cells the model is sure of on both dates (confidence ≥ 0.8): 26.6 km² became built-up, 33.6 km² changed in total.
The two images are from different seasons. Seasonal differences can look like change; pick the same month for a more reliable result.
Part of the image is cloudy or missing; results are unreliable there.
This area lies in the Andes mountain region. Bare rock and scree have no class of their own in EuroSAT and can show up as built-up or agriculture.
Land cover on both dates
| 2016 | 2025 | ± | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture decreased | 33.3% | 17.1% | -16.2 |
| Natural vegetation increased | 4.9% | 7.7% | +2.8 |
| Built-up increased | 51.8% | 65.3% | +13.5 |
| Water no notable change | 10% | 9.9% | -0.1 |
Largest transitions (confident cells)
- Agriculture → Built-up26.6 km²
- Agriculture → Natural vegetation5.7 km²
- Built-up → Agriculture1.2 km²
Limits
- Every value shown is a model estimate, not a measurement.
- Areas are not measurements but approximations counted from cells. The figures are always computed on 640 m cells; the scale only changes how the map is drawn.
- The model was trained on European images only; results for places tagged "experimental" are less reliable.
- Clouds, shadows and seasonal differences can show change that is not there.